- Black women and girls, in particular, continue to live in poverty and poor health, experience significant levels of violence, and struggle to access decent employment, housing and public services.
- In 2016, 32.5% of Black women aged 25 to 34 years held a university degree compared to 36.5% of women who did not report being part of a visible minority.
- The barriers that Black girls face in the public education system is one of the key reasons behind lower levels of educational attainment at college and university.
- Black women living in Canada face unquestionable health disparities and unnecessary poor health outcomes due to marginalization and social exclusion. Research shows that the cumulative impact of racism, discrimination, poverty and other structural and systemic inequalities profoundly impact the physical, emotional and mental health of all Black women in Canada.
- Black women represent roughly 6% of all federally incarcerated female prisoners, but only 3.1% of Canada’s overall female population (aged 15 and older) according to the Office of the Correctional Investigator.
- Canadian Centre of Policy Alternatives. Black Women in Canada. https://behindthenumbers.ca/shorthand/black-women-in-canada/#:~:text=Black%20women%20and%20girls%2C%20in,employment%2C%20housing%20and%20public%20services.
- Janet Senow (2019), “Black girls and dolls navigating race, class, and gender in Toronto,” Girlhood Studies, 12(2): 48-64.
- Nnorom, O., et al. 2019. “Dying to learn: A scoping review of breast and cervical cancer studies focusing on Black Canadian women,” Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 30(4), 1331-1359.